I-LEDwaziwa njengomthombo wokukhanyisa wesizukulwane sesine noma umthombo wokukhanya oluhlaza. Inezici zokonga amandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, impilo ende yesevisi kanye nevolumu encane. Isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene efana nenkomba, isibonisi, umhlobiso, ukukhanya kwangemuva, ukukhanya okujwayelekile kanye nesehlakalo sasebusuku sasemadolobheni. Ngokwemisebenzi ehlukene, ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezinhlanu: ukubonisa ulwazi, isibani sesignali, izibani zemoto, i-backlight ye-LCD kanye nokukhanyisa okuvamile.

OkuvamileIzibani ze-LEDbabe nokushiyeka njengokukhanya okwanele, okuholela ekungeneni okunganele. Isibani se-Power LED sinezinzuzo zokukhanya okwanele nempilo ende yesevisi, kodwa amandla e-LED anobunzima bobuchwepheshe obufana nokupakisha. Nakhu ukuhlaziya okufushane kwezinto ezithinta ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha ukukhanya kwamandla okupakisha kwe-LED.

Izinto zokupakisha ezithinta ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha ukukhanya

1. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhipha ukushisa

Ku-diode ekhipha ukukhanya ehlanganiswe ukuhlangana kwe-PN, lapho imanje eliya phambili ligeleza liphuma ku-pN junction, ukuhlangana kwe-PN kunokulahlekelwa ukushisa. Lokhu kushisa kukhishwa emoyeni ngokusebenzisa i-adhesive, i-potting material, i-heater sink, njll kule nqubo, ingxenye ngayinye yezinto ezibonakalayo ine-impedance yokushisa ukuvimbela ukugeleza kokushisa, okungukuthi, ukumelana nokushisa. Ukumelana nokushisa kuyinani elingaguquki elinqunywa usayizi, isakhiwo kanye nempahla yedivayisi.

Vumela ukumelana okushisayo kwe-LED kube i-rth (℃ / W) futhi amandla okulahla okushisayo abe yi-PD (W). Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa le-PN junction elibangelwa ukulahlekelwa okushisayo kwamanje likhuphukela ku:

T(℃)=Rth&TImes; PD

Izinga lokushisa le-PN junction:

TJ=TA+Rth&TImes; PD

Lapho i-TA iyizinga lokushisa elizungezile. Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa kwendawo okuhlangana kuyo kuzonciphisa amathuba okuhlanganiswa kokukhanya kokukhanya kwe-PN, nokukhanya kwe-LED kuzokwehla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokwanda kwezinga lokushisa okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa, ukukhanya kwe-LED ngeke kusakhula ngokulingana nokwamanje, okungukuthi, kubonisa ukugcwala okushisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa lendawo ehlanganayo, ubude begagasi obuphakeme be-luminescence buzokhukhuleka bubheke ohlangothini lwegagasi olude, cishe ku-0.2-0.3nm / ℃. Okwe-LED emhlophe etholwe ngokuxuba i-YAG phosphor embozwe yi-chip eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukukhukhuleka kwe-wavelength eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuzodala ukungafani nobude obujabulisayo be-phosphor, ukuze kuncishiswe ukusebenza kahle okukhanyayo kwe-LED emhlophe futhi kuguqule izinga lokushisa lombala lokukhanya okumhlophe.

Ngamandla e-LED, amandla okushayela ngokuvamile angaphezulu kwamakhulu e-Ma, futhi ukuminyana kwamanje kwe-PN junction kukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa kwe-PN junction kusobala kakhulu. Ukupakisha nokusebenzisa, indlela yokunciphisa ukumelana nokushisa komkhiqizo futhi wenze ukushisa okukhiqizwa yi-PN junction kuhlakaze ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka akukwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukugcwala kwamanje komkhiqizo futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle okukhanyayo komkhiqizo, kodwa futhi kuthuthukise ukwethembeka kanye nempilo yesevisi yomkhiqizo. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana nokushisa kwemikhiqizo, okokuqala, ukukhethwa kwezinto zokupakisha kubaluleke kakhulu, kuhlanganise nokushisa kokushisa, i-adhesive, njll. Ukumelana nokushisa kwempahla ngayinye kufanele kube kuncane, okungukuthi, kuyadingeka ukuba kube ne-conductivity enhle yokushisa. . Okwesibili, ukuklama kwesakhiwo kufanele kube okunengqondo, ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal phakathi kwezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele kuhambisane ngokuqhubekayo, futhi ukuqhutshwa kokushisa phakathi kwezinto kufanele kuxhunywe kahle, ukuze kugwenywe ibhodlela lokukhipha ukushisa esiteshini sokushisa ukushisa nokuqinisekisa ukuchithwa kokushisa okuvela ingaphakathi kuya kwesendlalelo esingaphandle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukushisa kukhishwa ngesikhathi ngokusho komshini wokushisa owenziwe ngaphambilini.

2. Ukukhethwa kokugcwalisa

Ngokomthetho we-refraction, lapho ukukhanya kuyisigameko kusuka kokuminyene kokukhanya okumaphakathi kuya kokukhanya okuphakathi nendawo, lapho i-engeli yesigameko ifinyelela inani elithile, okungukuthi, elikhulu noma elilingana ne-engeli ebalulekile, ukukhishwa okugcwele kuzokwenzeka. Ku-chip ye-GaN eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, inkomba ye-refractive yezinto ze-GaN ingu-2.3. Uma ukukhanya kukhishwa ngaphakathi kwekristalu kuya emoyeni, ngokomthetho we-refraction, i-engeli ebalulekile θ 0=sin-1(n2/n1).

Lapho i-N2 ilingana no-1, okungukuthi, inkomba ye-refractive yomoya, futhi i-N1 iyinkomba ye-refractive ye-Gan, lapho i-engeli ebalulekile ibalwa khona θ 0 cishe ama-degree angu-25.8. Kulesi simo, ukukhanya okungakhishwa ukukhanya okungaphakathi kwe-engeli eqinile yendawo ene-engeli yesigameko ≤ 25.8 degrees. Kubikwa ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum yangaphandle ye-Gan chip cishe ku-30% - 40%. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokumuncwa kwangaphakathi kwekristalu ye-chip, isilinganiso sokukhanya esingakhishwa ngaphandle kwekristalu sincane kakhulu. Kubikwa ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum yangaphandle ye-Gan chip cishe ku-30% - 40%. Ngokufanayo, ukukhanya okukhishwa yi-chip kufanele kudluliselwe esikhaleni ngempahla yokupakisha, futhi nomthelela wezinto ezibonakalayo ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhipha ukukhanya kufanele kucatshangelwe.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhishwa kokukhanya kokupakishwa komkhiqizo we-LED, inani le-N2 kufanele lenyuswe, okungukuthi, inkomba ye-refractive yezinto zokupakisha kufanele inyuswe ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-angle ebalulekile yomkhiqizo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukupakishwa. ukusebenza kahle okukhanyayo komkhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukumuncwa kokukhanya kwezinto zokupakisha kufanele kube kuncane. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ingxenye yokukhanya okuphumayo, ukwakheka kwephakeji kungcono kube yi-arched noma i-hemispherical, ukuze kuthi lapho ukukhanya kukhishwa kusukela ezintweni zokupakisha kuya emoyeni, kucishe kube yi-perpendicular interface, ngakho-ke kungabikho ukuboniswa okuphelele.

3. Ukucubungula i-reflection

Kunezici ezimbili eziyinhloko zokucubungula i-reflection: enye iwukucubungula okubonakalayo ngaphakathi kwe-chip, kanti enye iwukubonakaliswa kokukhanya ngezinto zokupakisha. Ngokucutshungulwa kokubonisa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle, isilinganiso se-flux esikhanyayo esiphuma ku-chip singathuthukiswa, ukumuncwa kwangaphakathi kwe-chip kungancishiswa, kanye nokusebenza kahle okukhanyayo kwamandla emikhiqizo ye-LED kungathuthukiswa. Mayelana nokupakishwa, i-LED yamandla ivamise ukuhlanganisa i-chip yamandla esisekelweni sensimbi noma i-substrate ene-reflection cavity. Imbobo ebonisa uhlobo losekelo ngokuvamile isebenzisa i-electroplating ukuze ithuthukise umphumela wokubonisa, kuyilapho i-base plate reflection cavity ngokuvamile isebenzisa ukupholisha. Uma kungenzeka, ukwelashwa kwe-electroplating kuzokwenziwa, kodwa izindlela zokwelapha ezimbili ezingenhla zithinteka ngokunemba kwesikhunta kanye nenqubo, I-cavity yokucubungula ecutshungulwayo inomphumela othile wokubonisa, kodwa ayilungile. Njengamanje, ngenxa yokunemba okwanele kokupholisha noma i-oxidation ye-coating yensimbi, umphumela wokubonisa we-substrate type reflection cavity eyenziwe e-China mubi, okuholela ekumunceni kokukhanya okuningi ngemva kokudubula endaweni ekhanyayo futhi ayikwazi ukuboniswa indawo ekhipha ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngokuya ngokuhloswe okulindelwe, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhipha ukukhanya okuphansi ngemva kokupakishwa kokugcina.

4. Ukukhethwa kwe-Phosphor nokugqoka

Ngamandla amhlophe e-LED, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle okukhanyayo kuhlobene nokukhethwa kwe-phosphor kanye nokwelashwa kwenqubo. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwe-phosphor excitation ye-blue chip, okokuqala, ukukhethwa kwe-phosphor kufanele kube ngokufanele, kufaka phakathi ubude be-excitation wavelength, usayizi wezinhlayiyana, ukusebenza kahle kwe-excitation, njll, okudingeka kuhlolwe ngokucophelela futhi kucatshangelwe konke ukusebenza. Okwesibili, ukumbozwa kwe-phosphor kufanele kube okufanayo, okungcono ubukhulu bengqimba yokunamathisela endaweni ngayinye ekhipha ukukhanya kwe-chip ekhipha ukukhanya kufanele kube iyunifomu, ukuze kungavimbeli ukukhanya kwendawo ekukhishweni ngenxa yobukhulu obungalingani, kodwa. futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yendawo yokukhanya.

ukubuka konke:

Idizayini enhle yokukhipha ukushisa idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle okukhanyayo kwemikhiqizo ye-LED yamandla, futhi iyisisekelo sokuqinisekisa impilo yesevisi nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo. Isiteshi sokukhanya esiklanywe kahle lapha sigxile ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokwelashwa kwenqubo ye-reflection cavity kanye ne-glue yokugcwalisa, engathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo ukusebenza kahle kokukhishwa kokukhanya kwamandla e-LED. Okwamandlai-LED emhlophe, ukukhethwa kwe-phosphor kanye nomklamo wenqubo nakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukisa indawo nokusebenza kahle okukhanyayo.