Njengethuluzi lokukhanyisa elibalulekile ekushayeleni ebusuku, amalambu ezimoto aya ngokuya athathwa njengomkhiqizo othandwa abakhiqizi bezimoto abaningi ngokwengeziwe ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-LED. Amalambu emoto e-LED abhekisela kumalambu asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-LED njengomthombo wokukhanyisa ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwemoto. Imishini yokukhanyisa yangaphandle ibandakanya izindinganiso eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi njengemikhawulo yokushisa, ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic (EMC), nokuhlolwa kokucisha umthwalo. Lezi zibani zemoto ze-LED azigcini nje ukuthuthukisa umphumela wokukhanyisa wemoto, kodwa futhi zenza indawo yangaphakathi ekhululekile.

Ukwakhiwa kwezibani ze-LED
Izingxenye eziyisisekelo ze-LED zifaka intambo yegolide, i-chip ye-LED, iringi ekhanyayo, i-cathode wire, i-plastic wire, ne-anode wire.
Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-LED yi-chip eyakhiwe nge-p-type semiconductor kanye ne-n-type semiconductor, futhi isakhiwo esakhiwe phakathi kwayo sibizwa ngokuthi i-pn junction. Ekuhlanganeni kwe-PN kwezinto ezithile ze-semiconductor, lapho inani elincane labathwali beshaja liphinde lihlangane neningi labathwali bokushaja, amandla engeziwe akhululwa ngendlela yokukhanya, aguqule amandla kagesi abe amandla okukhanya. Uma i-voltage ebuyela emuva isetshenziswa ku-pn junction, kunzima ukujova inani elincane labathwali bokushaja, ngakho-ke i-luminescence ngeke yenzeke. Lolu hlobo lwe-diode olwakhiwe ngokusekelwe kumgomo we-injection based luminescence lubizwa ngokuthi i-light-emitting diode, evame ukufushaniswa njenge-LED.

Inqubo ekhanyayo ye-LED
Ngaphansi kokuchema okuya phambili kwe-LED, abathwali bokushaja bayajovwa, baphinde bahlanganiswe, futhi bakhishwe ku-chip ye-semiconductor enamandla amancane okukhanya. I-chip ifakwe ku-epoxy resin ehlanzekile. Lapho i-current idlula ku-chip, ama-electron ane-negative athuthela endaweni yembobo ene-positive, lapho ahlangana khona futhi aphinde ahlangane. Kokubili ama-electron nezimbobo kanyekanye ahlakaza futhi akhulule ama-photon.
Uma i-bandgap iba nkulu, aba namandla ama-photon akhiqiziwe. Amandla ama-photon ahlobene nombala wokukhanya. Ku-spectrum ebonakalayo, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokunsomi kunamandla amakhulu, kanti ukukhanya okuwolintshi nokubomvu kunamandla aphansi kakhulu. Ngenxa yezikhala ezihlukene zamabhande ezinto ezahlukene, zingakhipha ukukhanya kwemibala ehlukene.
Uma i-LED isesimweni sokusebenza phambili (okungukuthi ifaka i-voltage eya phambili), igeleza yamanje isuka ku-anode iye ku-cathode ye-LED, futhi i-semiconductor crystal ikhipha ukukhanya kwemibala ehlukene ukusuka ku-ultraviolet kuye kwe-infrared. Ukuqina kokukhanya kuncike kubukhulu bamanje. Ama-LED angafaniswa nama-hamburger, lapho izinto zokukhanya zifana “nenyama yenyama” esemishini, kanti ama-electrode aphezulu naphansi afana nesinkwa esinenyama phakathi. Ngocwaningo lwezinto ezikhanyayo, abantu baye bathuthukisa kancane kancane izingxenye ze-LED ezihlukahlukene ezinombala wokukhanya ophakeme nokusebenza kahle. Nakuba kunezinguquko ezihlukahlukene ku-LED, isimiso sayo se-luminescent kanye nesakhiwo sihlala singashintshile. I-Jinjian Laboratory isungule umugqa wokuhlola omboza ama-chips ezimpahleni zokukhanyisa embonini ye-LED ye-optoelectronic, ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zokuma okukodwa ezihlanganisa zonke izici kusukela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kuya ekusetshenzisweni komkhiqizo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlaziya ukwehluleka, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kwepharamitha, njll., ukusiza amakhasimende. thuthukisa ikhwalithi, isivuno, nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo ye-LED.

Izinzuzo zezibani ze-LED
1. Ukonga amandla: Ama-LED aguqulela amandla kagesi ngokuqondile abe amandla okukhanya, asebenzisa ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yezibani zendabuko, okusiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli futhi kugweme ukulimala kumasekhethi emoto ngenxa yomthwalo omningi wamanje.
2. Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo: I-spectrum ye-LED ayinayo i-ultraviolet kanye nemisebe ye-infrared, inokukhiqiza okuphansi kokushisa, akukho misebe, kanye ne-glare ephansi. Imfucuza ye-LED iyasebenziseka kabusha, ayinayo i-mercury, ayingcolisi, iphephile ukuthintwa, futhi ingumthombo wokukhanya oluhlaza ojwayelekile.
3. Ukuphila isikhathi eside: Azikho izingxenye ezixekethile ngaphakathi komzimba wesibani se-LED, ezigwema izinkinga ezinjengokushiswa kwefilament, ukufakwa kwe-thermal, nokubola kokukhanya. Ngaphansi kwamanje kanye ne-voltage efanele, impilo yesevisi ye-LED ingafinyelela emahoreni angu-80000 kuya kwangu-100000, okuwubude obuphindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kweziyi-10 kunemithombo yokukhanya evamile. Inezici zokushintshwa kwesikhathi esisodwa kanye nokusetshenziswa impilo yonke.
4. Ukukhanya okuphezulu nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: Ama-LED aguqula ngokuqondile amandla kagesi abe amandla okukhanya, akhiqize ukushisa okuncane, futhi angathinteka ngokuphepha.
5. Usayizi omncane: Abaklami bangashintsha ngokukhululekile iphethini yezinto zokukhanyisa ukuze bandise ukuhlukahluka kwesitayela semoto. I-LED ithandwa kakhulu ngabakhiqizi bezimoto ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo.
6. Ukuzinza okuphezulu: Ama-LED anokusebenza okuqinile kokuzamazama komhlaba, ahlanganiswe ku-resin, awaphuki kalula, futhi kulula ukuwagcina nokuthutha.
7. Ukuhlanzeka okukhazimulayo okuphezulu: Imibala ye-LED icacile futhi iyakhanya, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlunga i-lampshade, futhi iphutha legagasi lokukhanya lingaphansi kwama-nanometer angu-10.
8. Isikhathi sokuphendula esisheshayo: Ama-LED awadingi isikhathi sokuqala esishisayo futhi angakhipha ukukhanya kuma-microsecond ambalwa nje, kuyilapho ama-glass bulb endabuko edinga ukubambezeleka kwamasekhondi angu-0.3. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nezibani zangemuva, ukusabela okusheshayo kwama-LED kusiza ukuvikela ngempumelelo ukushayisana kwangemuva nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kokushayela.